| Backshift of tenses | |
|---|---|
| from | to |
| Peter: "I work in the garden." | Peter said that he worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I worked in the garden." | Peter said that he had worked in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had worked in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I will work in the garden." | Peter said that he would work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I can work in the garden." | Peter said that he could work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I may work in the garden." | Peter said that he might work in the garden. |
| Peter: "I would work in the garden." (could, might, should, ought to) | Peter said that he would work in the garden. (could, might, should, ought to) |
| Progressive forms | |
| Peter: "I'm working in the garden." | Peter said that he was working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I was working in the garden." | Peter said that he had been working in the garden. |
| Peter: "I have been working in the garden." | |
| Peter: "I had been working in the garden." | |
REPORTED SPEECH STATEMENTS. EXPLANATION
Reported statements. Indirect Speech: lo usamos para decir lo que otra persona ha dicho
SAY: es más común usar “said” cuando alguien en general dice algo “he said that”.
Si lo dice alguien en particular “Rita told me”. Pero ambos pueden usarse.
ATENCIÓN: No podemos usar “said” con una persona o un pronombre.
Ejemplo: HE SAID HER THAT HE LOVE HER
Pero si podemos usarlo si después del “said” ponemos “to” + persona o pronombre.
El “that” puede omitirse cuando hay 2 sujetos.
Ejemplo: HE SAID TO ME THAT HE LOVE HER
Direct Speech: “ SUJETO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOS”
SHE: “ I LIKE SHOPPING.”
Indirect Speech: SUJETO + SAID + (THAT) + SUJETO 2 + VERBO + COMPLENTOS
She said (that) she liked shopping
No olvides que este es el estilo indirecto, así que elige el verbo, sujeto, objeto, tiempo y lugar correctos teniendo en cuenta los que hay en el estilo directo. En cuanto a tiempo no siempre hay que cambiarlo, depende del contexto, si yo digo “ I went to the dentist this morning” y por la noche yo se lo cuento a una amiga, el tiempo sigue siendo el mismo en el estilo directo que en el indirecto “this morning”.
TELL: cuando alguien en particular dice algo.
ATENCIÓN: No podemos usar “told” con “that”.
Ejemplo: MARK TOLD THAT ME HE LOVE HER
Pero si podemos usarlo si después del “told” ponemos un objeto o pronombre +” that”. El “that” se puede omitir cuando hay 2 sujetos
Ejemplo: MARK TOLD ME THAT HE LOVE HER
Direct Speech: “ SUJETO + VERBO + COMPLEMENTOS”
ANNA : “ I LIKE SHOPPING.”
Indirect Speech: SUJETO + TOLD + OBJETO +( THAT) + SUJETO 2 + VERBO + C
Anna told me ( that) she liked shopping
Anna told me she liked shopping
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